Oil is leaking from the transformer - what should I do?

Oil leakage is a progressive fault rather than a cosmetic one: besides the environmental and safety exposure, a falling oil level reduces insulation and cooling, and a leak that is…

The transformer oil temperature is abnormally high - what should I check?

An abnormally high oil temperature is nearly always one of three things: the unit is genuinely overloaded, the cooling system is not working, or the temperature is being read incor…

Frequently asked questions about sourcing power transformers from China

The questions buyers ask most often are about who the supplier actually is, what certifications are held and for which markets, whether on-site installation and commissioning can b…

How should an overseas utility or EPC buyer choose the supply model for a transformer project?

For an overseas utility or EPC project, the supply model matters as much as the product, because the risks sit in factory selection, certification, witness testing, documentation a…

Which transformers are recommended for North American residential and commercial distribution?

For North American residential and small commercial distribution, single-phase pad-mounted or pole-mounted units are recommended in the range of roughly 25 kVA to 100 kVA, with 50 …

Which transformers are recommended for a data centre or AI computing park substation?

A data centre or AI computing park needs two different answers for two different duties. For the indoor MV/LV distribution inside the building, dry-type SCB12-SCB18 transformers ar…

What do the transformer cooling class codes (ONAN, ONAF) mean?

The cooling class is the four-letter code on the nameplate that tells you how the transformer is cooled, and it directly determines how much load the unit may carry. It combines tw…

What is a prefabricated (packaged) substation?

A prefabricated substation is delivered as a factory-assembled unit rather than built up on site: the transformer, HV and LV switchgear, protection and auxiliary systems are assemb…

What is a pad-mounted transformer?

A pad-mounted transformer is a distribution transformer that is installed on a concrete pad at ground level, with its high-voltage and low-voltage switching, fusing and protection …

What does the vector group (connection symbol) of a transformer mean?

The vector group is the code that tells you how the HV and LV windings are connected and what phase displacement exists between them. It matters for two practical reasons: two tran…

Why is an on-load tap changer used on transmission transformers instead of a simpler off-circuit tap changer?

An on-load tap changer changes the turns ratio while the transformer remains energised, so the output voltage can be corrected continuously as grid load and upstream voltage vary; …

Why are oil-immersed power transformers vacuum-treated and oil-filled under vacuum?

The reason is that moisture and trapped air destroy the dielectric strength of the oil-paper insulation. Cellulose insulation absorbs water from the atmosphere during manufacture, …

How do I carry out routine and preventive maintenance on an oil-immersed transformer?

Routine maintenance is built around the oil, because the oil condition is the best single indicator of the transformer's internal health. The programme combines visual inspection, …

How is an oil-immersed power transformer installed and commissioned on site?

On-site installation and commissioning follows a fixed sequence: foundation and transport check, positioning and damage inspection, assembly of bushings and radiators, oil processi…

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The transformer is making abnormal noise or vibration - what should I check?

Abnormal noise needs to be classified before it is investigated, because the cause follows the pattern: noise that varies with load points to the core, the windings or magnetostric…

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